Hukum

The law of pre-Islamic pagan racist, feudal and patriarchal, Islamic appear to bring changes to the character of law as opposed to pagan law. Islam teaches equality is reflected in the principles and laws as well as the behavior of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers who want the egalitarian life. Quraish against Islam conflict is closely linked to the religious aspect and the social aspect is a counter to the egalitarian system of Islamic law.

According to Islamic law, the despair and the end of a marriage in a conjugal situation can occur at the instance of her husband through divorce. While the conclusion of a marriage is the will of the husband and wife can occur through curses, that the oath taken spouses in which there is the curse of God if the statement is not true with respect to his vow husband alleged that his wife had committed adultery with another man. The allegations in the absence of witnesses, as required for the issue of adultery four witnesses.

Islamic Courts indeed have some sense of the terminology in the law. The terminology can be called by al-Qada 'al-adl / al-qist, al-hukm, al-iffa', and al-ijtihad. In this case, there are differences in the terms used in discussing and establishing a law. Because of differences all settings are based on existing ahwal and when it happens. The scope of the al-Qada 'is related to the implementation of syariah law in a particular case, which is intended for the realization of peace and well-being of the flesh.

Shalat has a high position among other acts of worship. It is the prayer that accompanies the journey of human life all the time, at least five (5) times a day and night shall be done by humans. In fact, human life would not be fit at all times, sometimes they experienced pain, fainting so that prayer is neglected. Shall neglected prayer be replaced by / qadha or not? In this regard the fuqaha have different opinions on determining the law. Here the author tried to compare the opinions and arguments of each Imam mazhab to take a valid opinion. 

Normally, the position of the human person with all the rights of the most fundamental has gained recognition in the Declaration and the International Covenants. Human rights have become values and norms in international relations. This is shown by the agreement of all countries, at least in countries that are members of the United Nations to the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948).

Science of Nahwu is recognized as a discipline that is loaded with a variety of rules and theories, as the result of a process of a long journey in the history of Arabic linguistics. Starting from the codification and systemization activities of Arabic vocabulary is quite time consuming, then linguists (al-Lughawiyyûn / linguist) construct and lay the basic principles of the rules of the language. The basic principles of nahwu at first is  very simple then evolved into a "science" which is very complicated and cumbersome.

Belief can not be enforced. That phrase is often used as a philosophical argument why religious freedom should be upheld. Associated with the issue of human rights, religious freedom became one of the individual rights that can not be dihegemoni by any authority. In fact, included in this latter region, the freedom is no religion at all. If this issue is positioned with Islamic law on the one hand and with the laws of Indonesia on the other hand, practically will invite conversation is not simple. Whereas in Islam, acts out of Islam which is known as riddah is viewed as a crime.

In language, zakat means sacred, grow and develop. While the definition of zakat means "growth resulting from Allah blessed for the life here after. charity, donation or charity is an important instrument tin poverty reduction which would give further effect is very great improvement in welfare. Zakat command is deployed in Mecca, but details about the type of wealth that must be given as well as the kind of society who deserve it. Command charity Is revealed in Madinah in the second year after the Hijra of the Prophet shape society and the state.

The main objective of institutionalizing Islamic law is to create a common benefit to mankind through the analysis maqqashid Shari'ah. Renewal of Islamic Law is an attempt to apply the norms of the social reality to meet the needs of the development community to remain steadfast in the policies laid down by the religion itself through a dynamic process of purification. Reform does not mean replacing the teachings and laws that are absolute, fundamental, and universal, which is already covered by the provisions of the authentic.

Renewal of Islamic Law will discuss about the problem: the essence, renewing the urgency of Islamic law, the constraints faced by Islamic law reform, and efforts to over come the obstacle store form Islamic law be accepted by Muslims as a whole. In Taklid Period does not mean empty mujtahid imams competent to be ijtihad as its predecessor, but due to various factors they limit themselves in the line of a particular school. Among them are political factors; Islam has been divided into several governmental and civil war often a rise.