Belief can not be enforced. That phrase is often used as a philosophical argument why religious freedom should be upheld. Associated with the issue of human rights, religious freedom became one of the individual rights that can not be dihegemoni by any authority. In fact, included in this latter region, the freedom is no religion at all. If this issue is positioned with Islamic law on the one hand and with the laws of Indonesia on the other hand, practically will invite conversation is not simple. Whereas in Islam, acts out of Islam which is known as riddah is viewed as a crime.

This paper examines the Berber civilization / Bedouin in the region of North Africa and Spain (Andalusia) in the 11th and 12th centuries. The study of this quite interesting and unique, especially pay attention to the social conditions of the people who had previously been in the desert region and then move into settled communities / cities (from desert people to sedentary people). Unlike other Islamic regions, the Berber tribes that originally scattered united in a religious movement that subsequently form an Islamic government, one is the Almohads Dynasty (West, al-Mohad).

In language, zakat means sacred, grow and develop. While the definition of zakat means "growth resulting from Allah blessed for the life here after. charity, donation or charity is an important instrument tin poverty reduction which would give further effect is very great improvement in welfare. Zakat command is deployed in Mecca, but details about the type of wealth that must be given as well as the kind of society who deserve it. Command charity Is revealed in Madinah in the second year after the Hijra of the Prophet shape society and the state.

The main objective of institutionalizing Islamic law is to create a common benefit to mankind through the analysis maqqashid Shari'ah. Renewal of Islamic Law is an attempt to apply the norms of the social reality to meet the needs of the development community to remain steadfast in the policies laid down by the religion itself through a dynamic process of purification. Reform does not mean replacing the teachings and laws that are absolute, fundamental, and universal, which is already covered by the provisions of the authentic.

Renewal of Islamic Law will discuss about the problem: the essence, renewing the urgency of Islamic law, the constraints faced by Islamic law reform, and efforts to over come the obstacle store form Islamic law be accepted by Muslims as a whole. In Taklid Period does not mean empty mujtahid imams competent to be ijtihad as its predecessor, but due to various factors they limit themselves in the line of a particular school. Among them are political factors; Islam has been divided into several governmental and civil war often a rise.

Fatwa is believed to be a container having an important and significant role in the religious life of the Islamic community. The urgency and significance can be seen from its function as a mediating between the ideals of Islamic law on the one hand with the factual reality-communities on the other. This is where all the problems, concerns, hopes, aspirations and experiences presented and confronted people to look for common ground with the ideals of moral and religious ethics in Shari'ah mediated by the intellectual prowess of a mufti.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena masih adanya konformitas teman sebaya siswa yang negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan pengaruh layanan bimbingan kelompok terhadap konformitas teman sebaya melalui pendekatan eksperimen dengan rancangan the one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 10 orang yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data diungkap melalui angket model skala likert dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test.

Masalah bullying pada peserta didik saat ini belum banyak menjadi perhatian dalam ruang pendidikan yang semakin memprihatinkan. Dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat implementasi konseling kelompok sebagai upaya penyelesaian masalahan bullying pada siswa melalui penelitian lapangan (field research).

Setiap orangtua memiliki gaya pengasuhan tersendiri dalam mengasuh anak, begitu pula dengan orangtua single parent tentu memiliki gaya pengasuhan tersendiri dalam mengasuh anaknya. Sebagai orangtua single parent yang menjalani tanggung jawab yang seharusnya dijalankan oleh dua orang, tentu sangat memberatkan selain harus mengasuh anak mereka juga harus bekerja untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field Research).

Belajar merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting sebagai sumber untuk menggapai ilmu pengetahuan yang tinggi, melalui  ilmu pengetahuan manusia dapat mencari solusi dan menyelesaikan  masalah kehidupannya baik di masa sekarang maupun di masa yang akan datang, salah unsur yang berperan penting dalam kegiatan proses belajar yang baik dan berkualitas pada diri individu adalah motivasi. Dengan demikian dapat dipahami bahwa motivasi dalam belajar merupakan sesuatu hal yang sangat berperan dalam kegiatan proses mencari ilmu pengetahuan pada individu.