Abu Bakar, a caliph which is very close to the Messenger and those who believe, first of all among adults. His Ijtihad (struggle) is very influential on the development of religious Muslims at the time. Because of to the strength and solidarity of Muslims at that time, Muslims still exist, as in the time of the Prophet of Islam, even in certain areas there is progress and a significant advantage which was inspired by some of his brilliant effort.

Shalat has a high position among other acts of worship. It is the prayer that accompanies the journey of human life all the time, at least five (5) times a day and night shall be done by humans. In fact, human life would not be fit at all times, sometimes they experienced pain, fainting so that prayer is neglected. Shall neglected prayer be replaced by / qadha or not? In this regard the fuqaha have different opinions on determining the law. Here the author tried to compare the opinions and arguments of each Imam mazhab to take a valid opinion. 

Normally, the position of the human person with all the rights of the most fundamental has gained recognition in the Declaration and the International Covenants. Human rights have become values and norms in international relations. This is shown by the agreement of all countries, at least in countries that are members of the United Nations to the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948).

One of the problems in the world of education in Indonesia highlighted that many people are of quality problems or quality. Quality of education is of course related to learning. However, reality shows that  a lot of the students did not achieve expected maximum learning because there are several factors that influence them, which are; the influence of close friends, economic status, encouragement of parents, facilities and infrastructure. On the other hand the dynamics of what happens to the students showed clearly the tendency of students to disinterest in science studies.

Conservatism is looking at everything from a religious perspective. In talking about science and education, it tends to flow purely normative and religious. Because of interpreting the reality of the universe stems from religious teachings, then all that concerns about learning, sharing of knowledge, ethics teachers and students and other educational component must originate from the religion teaching. The purpose of religion is the purpose of learning.

Guidance and counseling is very instrumental in helping students achieve education. The students need to be guided, so that they can optimize its potential. Learning problems are important problems. This  was proved from a result of research at several schools in Yogyakarta, which indicated that the difficulties in learning to be a problem that is most prominent among the problems faced by students.

To achieve the success of education, teachers should be the human resources (HR) which the development is main priorities. Hard competiton increasingly nowadays requires tenacity, patience, the ability to anticipate, speed and accuracy to think and act in order to remain a role. Education personnel are those who meet the requirements specified in the legislation in force, appointed by the competent authority and entrusted with the task of other countries, defined by something the legislation in force.

Science of Nahwu is recognized as a discipline that is loaded with a variety of rules and theories, as the result of a process of a long journey in the history of Arabic linguistics. Starting from the codification and systemization activities of Arabic vocabulary is quite time consuming, then linguists (al-Lughawiyyûn / linguist) construct and lay the basic principles of the rules of the language. The basic principles of nahwu at first is  very simple then evolved into a "science" which is very complicated and cumbersome.

To get good understanding of reading, the students can use skimming, reading quickly without missing important points. However, some students still do not know how to do skimming effectively, even in ESP context, because they still use the tradional one. This paper discussed about metacognitive skimming strategy to increase students understanding towards long articles. The steps of the strategy are (1). provide them with ten pages articles and ask them to read, (2). Stop them while just reading two or three paragraphs, (3).

Over the past three decades, the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has become one of the most dominant approaches in the field of ESL or EFL teaching in many countries around the world, including Indonesia. The aims of this study were threefold: (a) to investigate Indonesian EFL teachers’ theoretical perceptions of CLT, (b) to look at whether the teachers have implemented CLT in the classroom, and (c) to identify difficulties the teachers face in implementing CLT.