Doli Witro

Information technology has changed the ways of transacting and opened up new opportunities in conducting business transactions. An online sale and purchase agreement via the internet is considered valid if it meets subjective and objective conditions. Trading business activities via the internet are known as electronic commerce (e-commerce). It has become a necessity that society always experiences changes which are often followed by changes in mindset and values.

After the ups and downs of the cabinet during the parliamentary democracy or often referred to as liberal democracy, Soekarno implemented a new concept and model of democracy since 1959 called guided democracy. KH Idham Chalid who at that time served as chairman of PBNU issued his political ijtihad that guided democracy was in accordance with Islamic teachings. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the ijtihad of KH Idham Chalid, especially his thoughts on the concept of guided democracy.

The jarah contract in Indonesia is regulated by various regulations, such as the fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) and regulations from the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The fatwa and egulations are the references in the practice of contracts in Islamic financial institutions, one of which is Islamic banking. There may be a discrepancy between the practice of Islamic banking contracts and existing regulations.